What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids are growths that develop from muscle and other tissue in or around the uterus.
They are usually non-cancerous.
Fibroids can be very small or large, and some people have several. Their effect can depend on their size and location.
Common Symptoms of Fibroids
Some people have fibroids without experiencing any symptoms.
When symptoms occur, they can include
• Heavy periods
• Longer periods
• Pelvic pressure
• Pelvic pain
• Frequent urination
• Constipation
• Discomfort during sex
Heavy menstrual bleeding can sometimes contribute to iron-deficiency anaemia and tiredness.
What Causes Fibroids?
The exact reason some people develop fibroids is not fully understood.
Hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone can influence fibroid growth.
Age and family history may also affect the likelihood of developing fibroids.
How Are Fibroids Diagnosed?
A healthcare professional may suspect fibroids based on your symptoms and a pelvic examination.
An ultrasound is commonly used to look at the uterus and identify fibroids.
Additional imaging may sometimes be recommended when more detailed information is needed.
Can Fibroids Affect Fertility?
Many people with fibroids become pregnant without difficulty.
However, some fibroids may affect fertility or pregnancy, particularly when they change the shape of the inside of the uterus.
The effect depends on factors such as the fibroid's size and location.
Treatment Options for Fibroids
Treatment depends on your symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids, your general health and whether you want to become pregnant.
Some people do not need treatment and may simply be monitored.
Other options can include medicines to control bleeding or pain, procedures to treat fibroids or surgery.
A healthcare professional can explain which options may be suitable for you.
FAQ
Can fibroids cause heavy periods?
Yes. Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding is one of the common symptoms of uterine fibroids.
Are uterine fibroids cancer?
Most uterine fibroids are benign, meaning they are not cancerous.
Do all fibroids need treatment?
No. Fibroids that do not cause symptoms may only need monitoring, depending on the individual situation.